History of Bangladesh...
 
 
Government :
Bangladesh is a parliamentary democracy.The head of the government is Prime Minister and the head of the state is President.
 
Jatiya Sangsad (The National Assembly) consists of 350 members. 300 members are elected for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies and 50 women are elected by the parliamentarians. The latest elections were held in December 29, 2008. Bangladesh Awami Leaque (AL) and the grand alliance got a landslide victory. Sheikh Hasina, the Chairperson of AL, was sworn in as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh Government. The previous elections were held in 2001 and was won by Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).
 
     
 
People & Population of Bangladesh :
 
The country's population is almost evenly distributed throughout its 64 districts except for the three Hill Tracts districts which are rather sparsely inhabited. Regionally, the east­ern districts have a slightly higher density than the western ones. On average, a district has a population of about 1.8 million,a thana 230,OOO,a union 25,000 and a village 2,000. There are 490 thanas,4,451 unions and 59,990 villages.The number of households is lead a simple life, are generally self-reliant, producing their own food and drinks and weaving their own clothes.
 
There are 4 metropolitan cities and 119 municipalities in the country. The level of urban­ization is low at 20%. This leaves 80% of the country's total population of about 120 million to live in the rural areas which primarily depend on a poorly developed agricul­ture for livelihood. The capital city of Dhaka has an estimated population of 8.58 million. The annual growth rate of the population has come down to 1.75% with the acceptance of family planning practices rising to 48.7%.The crude birth rate per 1000 is 25.6 and the death rate is 8.1. Life expectancy at birth is 59.5 years.The rate of child mortality per 1000 has come down to 76.8 and that of maternal mortality to 4.5. About 96.3% families in the country have now access to safe drinking water. The sex ratio is 106 males for every 100 females.The density of population per square kilometre is 800.
 
 
 
Some 44.3% of the people are literate with about 5 million having passed secondary school level and another 1.27 million being graduates. The primary school enrollment rate has risen to 86% and the rate for secondary school enrollment to 33%. To intensify promotion of compulsory primary education, the food-for education programme has been extended to over 16,000 schools. More and more primary schools will be brought under this programme.
 
     
 
Climate:
Bangladesh has a subtropical monsoon climate characterized by wide seasonal varia­tions in rainfall, moderately warm temperatures, and high humidity. Regional climatic differences in this flat country are minor. Three seasons are generally recognized: a hot, humid summer from March to June; a cool, rainy monsoon season from June to October; and a cool, dry winter from October to March. In general, maximum summer tempera­tures range between 32°C and 38°C. April is the warmest month in most parts of the country. January is the coldest month, when the average temperature for most of the country is 10°C.
 
Winds are mostly from the north and northwest in the winter, blowing gently at one to three kilometers per hour in northern and central areas and three to six kilometers per hour near the coast. From March to May, violent thunderstorms, called northwesters by local English speakers, produce winds of up to sixty kilometers per hour. During the intense storms of the early summer and late monsoon season, southerly winds of more than 160 kilometers per hour cause waves to crest as high as 6 meters in the Bay of Bengal, which brings disastrous flooding to coastal areas.
 
     
 
Heavy rainfall is characteristic of Bangladesh. With the exception of the relatively dry western region of Rajshahi, where the annual rainfall is about 160 centimeters, most parts of the country receive at least 200 centimeters of rainfall per year (see fig. 1). Because of its location just south of the foothills of the Himalayas, where monsoon winds turn west and northwest, the region of Sylhet in northeastern Bangladesh receives the greatest average precipitation. From 1977 to 1986, annual rainfall in that region ranged between 328 and 478 centimeters per year. Average daily humidity ranged from March lows of between 45 and 71 percent to July highs of between 84 and 92 percent, based on read­ings taken at selected stations nationwide in 1986.
 
     
 
Natural calamities, such as floods, tropical cyclones, tornadoes, and tidal bores­-destructive waves or floods caused by flood tides rushing up estuaries--ravage the coun­try, particularly the coastal belt, almost every year. Between 1947 and 1988, thirteen severe cyclones hit Bangladesh, causing enormous loss of life and property. In May 1985, for example, a severe cyclonic storm packing 154 kilometer-per-hour winds and waves 4 meters high swept into southeastern and southern Bangladesh, killing more than 11,000 persons, damaging more than 94,000 houses, killing some 135,000 head of livestock, and damaging nearly 400 kilometers of critically needed embankments. Annual monsoon flooding results in the loss of human life, damage to property and communication systems, and a shortage of drinking water, which leads to the spread of disease.... Data as of September 1988
 
     
 
Education System in Bangladesh
The educational system in Bangladesh is three-tiered and highly subsidized.The govern­ment of Bangladesh operates many schools in the primary, secondary, and higher secondary levels. It also subsidizes parts of the funding for many private schools. In the tertiary education sector, the government also funds more than 15 state universities through the University Grants Commission. Bangladesh conforms fully to the Education For All (EFA) objectives, the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and international declarations. Article 17 of the Bangladesh Constitution provides that all children between the ages of six and ten years receive a basic education free of charge.
 
Universities in Bangladesh are mainly categorized into three different types - Public (government owned and subsidized), Private (private sector owned universities), and International (operated and funded by international organizations such as the Organisa­tion of Islamic Cooperation).
 
     
 
University of Dhaka, established in 1921, is the oldest university of the country. Bangla­deshi universities are affiliated with the University Grants Commission (UGC), a commis­sion created according to the Presidential Order (PO. No 10 of 1973) of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.[1 ]
 
     
 
The list is classified by the three types universities further segmented according to their locations. The locations are given according to divisions, the topmost administrative unit in Bangladesh. It is notable that, out of the 6 divisions Dhaka Division houses 58 out of a total of 87, of them 52 in Dhaka,the capital city. Most universities focus on general studies, meaning a diverse mix of curriculum, business studies, engineering or technology. Seven universities have specialized curricula focused on Islamic studies (2),agricultural sciences (2), medical sciences (1), Veterinary (1) and women's studies (1). Along with the universi­ties their short names, mostly acronyms, are provided as nicks.
 
     
 
The list is classified by the three types universities further segmented according to their locations. The locations are given according to divisions, the topmost administrative unit in Bangladesh. It is notable that, out of the 6 divisions Dhaka Division houses 58 out of a total of 87, of them 52 in Dhaka,the capital city. Most universities focus on general studies, meaning a diverse mix of curriculum, business studies, engineering or technology. Seven universities have specialized curricula focused on Islamic studies (2),agricultural sciences (2), medical sciences (1), Veterinary (1) and women's studies (1). Along with the universi­ties their short names, mostly acronyms, are provided as nicks.
 
     
 
(religiously inclined) and English medium schools which are enrolled under Madrasah Education Board and Foreign Education Board respectively. Besides this, a Technical Edu­cation Board has been established to administer the vocational training schools at post secondary level in Education Board. The National Curriculam and Textbook Board is the authority to develop, approve and manage the curriculum and text books for primary, junior, secondary and higher secondary level. Government has also established Bangla­desh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics (BANBEIS) which keeps educa­tional information at all levels. Bangladesh Government has published an Education Policy which is developed based on the inputs taken from different education commis­sions over the years. There are also many non-profit organizations which operate infor­mal and semi-formal education for underprivileged children under supervision of Bureau of Non-formal Education.
 
     
     
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